1 December 22, 2019
Articles
1. Bshar Samir Bdoor
Homegardening as an Option in War-Affected Syria: A Mini Review of Homegardening and Its Potential to Promote Sustainability
International Journal of Environmental Problems, 2019, 5(1): 3-10.
Number of views: 800 Download in PDF
2. Nana Berdzenishvili, Ninaka BerdzenishviliInternational Journal of Environmental Problems, 2019, 5(1): 3-10.
Abstract:
The war and the economic sanctions imposed on Syria have resulted in economic hardship. In this context, the review on homegardens of this study provides an insight of the potential role that homegardens can play to reduce the economic burdens, improve environmental quality and cope with sustainable development objectives. The review highlights the serious lack of data on homegardens in Syria and emphasizes the need to conduct extensive research on Syrian homegardening and its optimization. The benefits of homegardening mentioned in this review present some real reasons for promoting homegardening wherever feasible in the country.
The war and the economic sanctions imposed on Syria have resulted in economic hardship. In this context, the review on homegardens of this study provides an insight of the potential role that homegardens can play to reduce the economic burdens, improve environmental quality and cope with sustainable development objectives. The review highlights the serious lack of data on homegardens in Syria and emphasizes the need to conduct extensive research on Syrian homegardening and its optimization. The benefits of homegardening mentioned in this review present some real reasons for promoting homegardening wherever feasible in the country.
Number of views: 800 Download in PDF
Global Warming Impact on Ecosystems
International Journal of Environmental Problems, 2019, 5(1): 11-15.
Number of views: 766 Download in PDF
3. Tea MchedluriInternational Journal of Environmental Problems, 2019, 5(1): 11-15.
Abstract:
Climate is an important environmental influence on ecosystems. The impact of climate change on a particular species can ripple through a food web and affect a wide range of other organisms. Climate change and shifts in ecological conditions could support the spread of pathogens, parasites, and diseases, with potentially serious effects on human health, agriculture. Climate change, along with habitat destruction and pollution, is one of the important stressors that can contribute to species extinction. For many species, the climate where they live or spend part of the year influences key stages of their annual life cycle, such as migration, blooming, and reproduction. Boreal forests are invading tundra, reducing habitat for the many unique species that depend on the tundra ecosystem. It has been established that the most vulnerable system is the Black Sea coastline, which has a strategic importance for the rehabilitation of the country’s economy and development of foreign trade.
Climate is an important environmental influence on ecosystems. The impact of climate change on a particular species can ripple through a food web and affect a wide range of other organisms. Climate change and shifts in ecological conditions could support the spread of pathogens, parasites, and diseases, with potentially serious effects on human health, agriculture. Climate change, along with habitat destruction and pollution, is one of the important stressors that can contribute to species extinction. For many species, the climate where they live or spend part of the year influences key stages of their annual life cycle, such as migration, blooming, and reproduction. Boreal forests are invading tundra, reducing habitat for the many unique species that depend on the tundra ecosystem. It has been established that the most vulnerable system is the Black Sea coastline, which has a strategic importance for the rehabilitation of the country’s economy and development of foreign trade.
Number of views: 766 Download in PDF
The Impact of Natural and Anthropogenic Factors on Biodiversity of Arid and Semi-Arid Zones of Eastern Georgia
International Journal of Environmental Problems, 2019, 5(1): 16-19.
Number of views: 777 Download in PDF
4. International Journal of Environmental Problems, 2019, 5(1): 16-19.
Abstract:
The biodiversity of Georgia, as well as the whole Caucasus, is under the extreme threat. Most of the forests are modified by human influence. Due to overgrazing, the natural vegetation is almost destroyed and the erosion process is taking place. Natural vegetation is preserved in just a little part of its historic area. Current threats to Georgia's biodiversity are: poaching, cutting down the forests, overgrazing, illegal trading of species of plants and animals, and etc. As a result, the living habitat of living organisms is degraded, the number of species is decreased and ecological processes are disruption – all of them lead to the destruction of biodiversity. Natural and anthropogenic factors are well expressed on large areas of the ecosystem of arid and semi-arid areas in the east of Georgia. A large part of arid and semi-arid ecosystems itself is rare biotope for Georgia, that is why some species are found only here in Georgia. The negative impacts of natural and anthropogenic factors affect the flora and fauna diversity, resulting in a possible degradation of plant communities, semi-desert and desert plant characteristic species – Salsola spp, Artemisia fragans, Gamantus pilosus et al. and the expansion of the plant communities Artemisietum, Artemisieto-salsoletum, Botrichloeto-artemisietum. Also, the impoverishment of animal composition – disappearance of some insectivorous and rodents, for example, Crocidura leucodon, the vole Microtus socialis, Sorex volnuchini, the expansion of hares Alactaga spp, which is typical to a desert landscape. The current level of negative impact of Natural and anthropogenic factors goes beyond the boundaries of the resistance of the ecosystem, and therefore, more or less irreversible degradation processes have been developed. All of this might cause irreparable harm to Georgia's biodiversity.
The biodiversity of Georgia, as well as the whole Caucasus, is under the extreme threat. Most of the forests are modified by human influence. Due to overgrazing, the natural vegetation is almost destroyed and the erosion process is taking place. Natural vegetation is preserved in just a little part of its historic area. Current threats to Georgia's biodiversity are: poaching, cutting down the forests, overgrazing, illegal trading of species of plants and animals, and etc. As a result, the living habitat of living organisms is degraded, the number of species is decreased and ecological processes are disruption – all of them lead to the destruction of biodiversity. Natural and anthropogenic factors are well expressed on large areas of the ecosystem of arid and semi-arid areas in the east of Georgia. A large part of arid and semi-arid ecosystems itself is rare biotope for Georgia, that is why some species are found only here in Georgia. The negative impacts of natural and anthropogenic factors affect the flora and fauna diversity, resulting in a possible degradation of plant communities, semi-desert and desert plant characteristic species – Salsola spp, Artemisia fragans, Gamantus pilosus et al. and the expansion of the plant communities Artemisietum, Artemisieto-salsoletum, Botrichloeto-artemisietum. Also, the impoverishment of animal composition – disappearance of some insectivorous and rodents, for example, Crocidura leucodon, the vole Microtus socialis, Sorex volnuchini, the expansion of hares Alactaga spp, which is typical to a desert landscape. The current level of negative impact of Natural and anthropogenic factors goes beyond the boundaries of the resistance of the ecosystem, and therefore, more or less irreversible degradation processes have been developed. All of this might cause irreparable harm to Georgia's biodiversity.
Number of views: 777 Download in PDF